??????? ????? ???-???? ?? ??????? ????
??????? ??????? ????? ????? ????? (UPS), ???????? ??? ????????, ???????? ???? ?????, ???? ??????? ??? ????????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ????????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ????????, ????-????? ???-???? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ??, ????? ?????????? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??, ??? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???
1. ???? ????? ?????? ??? ???????????? ?? ?????
| ????? ?? ???? | ????? | ?????? | ?? ??????????? |
|---|---|---|---|
| ????-???? (????/?????/?????) | ??? ????; ???? ??????????; ????? ???-???? | ??? ???? ????; ?????? ?? ?????-?????? ????? ?????????? | ??????, ?????? ????, ??????? ??????? ????? |
| ??????-??? | ??? ???? ????; ???? ????? ????; ???? ??? | ????? ?? ??? ????; ????? ??????? ????? (BMS) ?? ??? ?? | ????????? ????????, ???????????? ??????, ??? |
| ?????-??????? (NiCd) | ??????? ???-?????? ????????; ???? ??????? | ???????? ??????; ??????? ?????? ??????? ???? ???????? | ???????? ??????, ???-?????? ???? ??????? |
2. ???-???? ?? ???? ??? ????????? ?????
-
????? 60896?21/22: ???????? ???-???? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ??????
-
????? 450: UPS ??? ???????? ???? ?? ???-???? ??????? ?? ???-???? ??????? ?? ???????? ???? ?????
-
???? 1989: ?? ??????? ???? ??? ??????
-
????? ????: ??????? ???? ???????? ?????-???????, ??? ??????? ???, ???????? ????? ?? ????
?????, ???????? ??? ?????? ???-???? ????????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????????? (SOPs) ????? ????
3. ??????? ?????? ??? ???????
-
??????? ??????
-
????? ?? ???????: ??? ??????, ????, ??? ????? ????
-
?????? ??? ??????: ??? ????? ????; ???? 8–12 N·m ??? ????? ???
-
-
??????? ???????
-
??????: 20-25 °C (??? ??? ??? 30 °C) ???? ????
-
??????? ???: ??? ??? ???? ??
-
???????: ????????? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ≥0.5 ????/?????
-
-
????? ???
-
???? ??????: ???? ?????? ???? ±0.02 V ???????
-
??? ??????? (???-????): 1.265–1.280 ?????/??.??.3
-
??????? ????????: ≤5 mΩ (??????/????????? ?????? ????? ??); AC ???????? ????????? ?? ????? ???
-
-
?????? ??????? (DCS/BMS)
-
???? ?? ????? (SOC), ???? ?? ????? (SOH), ??????, ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???????
-
?????????? ?????: ?????? ??, ?????? >28 °C ??? ???????? ???? >5% ???-???? ?? ??? ?? ???? ??? ???? ???? ??
-
4. ????-???? '?? ???-???? ??? ???? ???????????
| ?????? | ??????? | ??? ??? ???? |
|---|---|---|
| ????????? | ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ???? | IEEE 450 Annex A ????? ?????? |
| ???????? | ???? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? | ???????? ???? ???????? ??? ???????????; ±0.5% ??????? |
| ?????? | ??????? ????? ??? ?????? | IEC 60896-21 ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? |
| ?????? | ????????????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ??? ??????????? | ????: 2.25–2.30 V/????; ????????: 2.40 V/???? |
| ?? 2-3 ????? ???? | ??? ??????? ???? ??? ???????? ??????? | ??? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ≥80% |
?????????? ?? ????, ?????????, ??????? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ??????????? ?????? ?????
5. ??????? ??????? ??? ???????? ???????????
-
????? ??????? ????? (PPE): ???????? ??????, ??????? ?????, ?????-???? ??????
-
?????-???? ??????: ???????? ??????? ?? ????? ???; ????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ???????? ????
-
???? ???? ?? ??????????: ?????? ??????????? ??? ????? ???; ???????? ???? ??? ???? ??? ????
-
??? ??????: ????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? '?? ????; ????? ???? ????? '?? ???? ?? ????? ?? ????
???????? ?????????? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ????? ????
6. ???? ????? ??? ???-???? ???????
-
????????? ?????? ???: ?????????? ???? ??? ?????? ?? C/10 ??????? ??? ????????? ???
-
???? ???????: ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ?? BMS ???? ?? ????????? ???; ???????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????
-
??????? ????? ?????????: ???? ????? ??? ???? ?????????? ??? ????; ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????
???? ??????? ?? ????????? ??? ??? ????????? ?????????? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ??? ?? ????????? ???-???? ?? ??? ?????
?????
??? ??????? ???-???? ???????—??????????? ????????, ????-?????? ???????, ??? ????????? ?????????—?? ????? ??????? ?? ?? ??????? ????? ????????? ???????, ?????????? ??? ???????? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ???-???? ????????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ???????? ??? ????-????????????? ?????? ??? ?? ???????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????? ???